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    System must work to protect public as report finds chances missed with Southport killer

    System must work to protect public as report finds chances missed with Southport killer

    NHS in Scotland ‘stuck in analogue age’ as health boards shell out millions on pagers

    NHS in Scotland ‘stuck in analogue age’ as health boards shell out millions on pagers

    Scottish Labour MP to vote against welfare reforms despite Keir Starmer climbdown

    Scottish Labour MP to vote against welfare reforms despite Keir Starmer climbdown

    Buy British buses to save 400 Scottish jobs at Alexander Dennis, says MP

    Buy British buses to save 400 Scottish jobs at Alexander Dennis, says MP

    Scots fear crime is rising in their local area as SNP Government accused of ‘hollowing out’ police

    Scots fear crime is rising in their local area as SNP Government accused of ‘hollowing out’ police

    Senior member of Anas Sarwar’s shadow cabinet ‘opposed’ to Labour welfare cuts bill

    Senior member of Anas Sarwar’s shadow cabinet ‘opposed’ to Labour welfare cuts bill

    How the Scottish MPs voted in the assisted dying debate

    How the Scottish MPs voted in the assisted dying debate

    Former Labour MP calls for party to ditch ‘rigged’ voting system

    Former Labour MP calls for party to ditch ‘rigged’ voting system

    Labour’s £14bn ‘fixation’ with new nuclear power ‘won’t cut bills or help climate’

    Labour’s £14bn ‘fixation’ with new nuclear power ‘won’t cut bills or help climate’

    SNP rebels plot to oust John Swinney as party leader after Hamilton by-election loss

    SNP rebels plot to oust John Swinney as party leader after Hamilton by-election loss

    Anas Sarwar should not expect to oust John Swinney yet, says polling guru

    Anas Sarwar should not expect to oust John Swinney yet, says polling guru

    Keir Starmer says he will not support a second independence referendum as Prime Minister

    Keir Starmer says he will not support a second independence referendum as Prime Minister

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    • Business

      Salesforce boss Marc Benioff joins Weev.

      What is a virtual office and why you need one in Central London – Your Company Formations Ltd

      What is a virtual office and why you need one in Central London – Your Company Formations Ltd

      Inflation rises again to new 40-year high

      Inflation rises again to new 40-year high

      Bank of England hikes interest rates to 1.25%

      Bank of England hikes interest rates to 1.25%

      Hiring activity in Scotland slows amid steep decline in staff availability

      Hiring activity in Scotland slows amid steep decline in staff availability

      Scottish retail footfall growth ‘worst in UK compared to pre-pandemic’

      Scottish retail footfall growth ‘worst in UK compared to pre-pandemic’

    • Sports
      Rangers strongest XI for Panathinaikos as Thelo Aasgaard injury blow opens door for Euro history-maker

      Rangers strongest XI for Panathinaikos as Thelo Aasgaard injury blow opens door for Euro history-maker

      Celtic could ‘renew interest’ in Evan Ferguson as transfer hijack follows Yamada hint and Ambrosino U turn

      Celtic could ‘renew interest’ in Evan Ferguson as transfer hijack follows Yamada hint and Ambrosino U turn

      Exact cost of Rangers injury crisis revealed as payments to crocked stars double that of Celtic

      Exact cost of Rangers injury crisis revealed as payments to crocked stars double that of Celtic

      Conor Coady in Diogo Jota tribute as old Wolves pal celebrates an ‘incredible person’

      Conor Coady in Diogo Jota tribute as old Wolves pal celebrates an ‘incredible person’

      Brendan Rodgers described me as huge Celtic coup after 24 clubs wanted me – now I have retired aged just 28

      Brendan Rodgers described me as huge Celtic coup after 24 clubs wanted me – now I have retired aged just 28

      Ange Postecoglou to LAFC has direct Celtic link as MLS heavy hitters plot ambitious manager move

      Ange Postecoglou to LAFC has direct Celtic link as MLS heavy hitters plot ambitious manager move

      The Rangers transfers Russell Martin needs revealed as AEK set Dessers deadline and Shankland a no-brainer

      The Rangers transfers Russell Martin needs revealed as AEK set Dessers deadline and Shankland a no-brainer

      Celtic on brink of four new signings as Benjamin Nygren lands staggering transfer claim and Balikwisha stays cool

      Celtic on brink of four new signings as Benjamin Nygren lands staggering transfer claim and Balikwisha stays cool

      I see cracks in Celtic with transfer fears over four starters so maybe this Rangers claim is a myth – Hugh Keevins

      I see cracks in Celtic with transfer fears over four starters so maybe this Rangers claim is a myth – Hugh Keevins

      Punters dramatically lose faith in Rory McIlroy in wake of his astonishingly honest US Open confession

      Punters dramatically lose faith in Rory McIlroy in wake of his astonishingly honest US Open confession

      ‘I still always visit Sir Alex Ferguson’s house – even though he branded me a Big Time Charlie’

      ‘I still always visit Sir Alex Ferguson’s house – even though he branded me a Big Time Charlie’

      The £17m reason Celtic won’t sit still this transfer window as Brendan Rodgers learns painful lesson

      The £17m reason Celtic won’t sit still this transfer window as Brendan Rodgers learns painful lesson

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      • Technology
        Panasonic dishes out £100 takeaway vouchers and 15% off ‘first class’ OLED TVs

        Panasonic dishes out £100 takeaway vouchers and 15% off ‘first class’ OLED TVs

        ‘Classy’ smartwatch that ‘performs as well as expensive brands’ now £50 in Amazon Prime deal

        ‘Classy’ smartwatch that ‘performs as well as expensive brands’ now £50 in Amazon Prime deal

        Argos offers free QLED TVs with one simple deal – how to get yours today

        Argos offers free QLED TVs with one simple deal – how to get yours today

        Everyone to get mobile phone alert as sirens sound for 10 seconds

        Everyone to get mobile phone alert as sirens sound for 10 seconds

        Lenovo IdeaPad laptop praised for everyday use and affordable price

        Lenovo IdeaPad laptop praised for everyday use and affordable price

      • Health
        Donald Trump medical condition diagnosed as US President suffers swollen legs

        Donald Trump medical condition diagnosed as US President suffers swollen legs

        Clinical microbiologist issues warning over hidden ‘droppings’ in bed sheets

        Clinical microbiologist issues warning over hidden ‘droppings’ in bed sheets

        Scientists just found a sugar switch that ‘protects your brain from Alzheimer’s’

        Scientists just found a sugar switch that ‘protects your brain from Alzheimer’s’

        Brain dead pregnant woman’s family issue update after baby cut from her body

        Brain dead pregnant woman’s family issue update after baby cut from her body

        French chef shares ‘simplest ever’ one pot cake recipe ready in under an hour

        French chef shares ‘simplest ever’ one pot cake recipe ready in under an hour

      • Entertainment
        DWP boss defends welfare reform changes after PIP plans put on hold

        DWP boss defends welfare reform changes after PIP plans put on hold

        People on highest PIP could see payments rise to nearly £800 each month from next April

        People on highest PIP could see payments rise to nearly £800 each month from next April

        Home Bargains’ ‘soft’ £30 coat looks ‘just like’ £175 Dryrobe version

        Home Bargains’ ‘soft’ £30 coat looks ‘just like’ £175 Dryrobe version

        Amazon’s most wished for sun lounger drops below £90 ahead of Prime Day

        Amazon’s most wished for sun lounger drops below £90 ahead of Prime Day

        Former DWP employee warns of two-tier State Pension payments for older people

        Former DWP employee warns of two-tier State Pension payments for older people

      • Life Style
      • Travel
      • Education
        Vocational skills to be offered at new secondary school in Swansea

        Vocational skills to be offered at new secondary school in Swansea

        Lecturer struck off after falling asleep, playing on his phone and describing students as ‘d*** heads’

        Lecturer struck off after falling asleep, playing on his phone and describing students as ‘d*** heads’

        Teacher who drank alcohol in ‘mini-rave’ lesson and swore at pupils is struck off

        Teacher who drank alcohol in ‘mini-rave’ lesson and swore at pupils is struck off

        Pupil referral unit that takes children kicked out of school gets flawless Estyn report

        Pupil referral unit that takes children kicked out of school gets flawless Estyn report

        Exam bosses accused of ‘patronising’ Wales and students in Welsh GCSE paper

        Exam bosses accused of ‘patronising’ Wales and students in Welsh GCSE paper

      • Real Estate
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      • Home
      • World
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      • Politics
        System must work to protect public as report finds chances missed with Southport killer

        System must work to protect public as report finds chances missed with Southport killer

        NHS in Scotland ‘stuck in analogue age’ as health boards shell out millions on pagers

        NHS in Scotland ‘stuck in analogue age’ as health boards shell out millions on pagers

        Scottish Labour MP to vote against welfare reforms despite Keir Starmer climbdown

        Scottish Labour MP to vote against welfare reforms despite Keir Starmer climbdown

        Buy British buses to save 400 Scottish jobs at Alexander Dennis, says MP

        Buy British buses to save 400 Scottish jobs at Alexander Dennis, says MP

        Scots fear crime is rising in their local area as SNP Government accused of ‘hollowing out’ police

        Scots fear crime is rising in their local area as SNP Government accused of ‘hollowing out’ police

        Senior member of Anas Sarwar’s shadow cabinet ‘opposed’ to Labour welfare cuts bill

        Senior member of Anas Sarwar’s shadow cabinet ‘opposed’ to Labour welfare cuts bill

        How the Scottish MPs voted in the assisted dying debate

        How the Scottish MPs voted in the assisted dying debate

        Former Labour MP calls for party to ditch ‘rigged’ voting system

        Former Labour MP calls for party to ditch ‘rigged’ voting system

        Labour’s £14bn ‘fixation’ with new nuclear power ‘won’t cut bills or help climate’

        Labour’s £14bn ‘fixation’ with new nuclear power ‘won’t cut bills or help climate’

        SNP rebels plot to oust John Swinney as party leader after Hamilton by-election loss

        SNP rebels plot to oust John Swinney as party leader after Hamilton by-election loss

        Anas Sarwar should not expect to oust John Swinney yet, says polling guru

        Anas Sarwar should not expect to oust John Swinney yet, says polling guru

        Keir Starmer says he will not support a second independence referendum as Prime Minister

        Keir Starmer says he will not support a second independence referendum as Prime Minister

        Trending Tags

        • Business

          Salesforce boss Marc Benioff joins Weev.

          What is a virtual office and why you need one in Central London – Your Company Formations Ltd

          What is a virtual office and why you need one in Central London – Your Company Formations Ltd

          Inflation rises again to new 40-year high

          Inflation rises again to new 40-year high

          Bank of England hikes interest rates to 1.25%

          Bank of England hikes interest rates to 1.25%

          Hiring activity in Scotland slows amid steep decline in staff availability

          Hiring activity in Scotland slows amid steep decline in staff availability

          Scottish retail footfall growth ‘worst in UK compared to pre-pandemic’

          Scottish retail footfall growth ‘worst in UK compared to pre-pandemic’

        • Sports
          Rangers strongest XI for Panathinaikos as Thelo Aasgaard injury blow opens door for Euro history-maker

          Rangers strongest XI for Panathinaikos as Thelo Aasgaard injury blow opens door for Euro history-maker

          Celtic could ‘renew interest’ in Evan Ferguson as transfer hijack follows Yamada hint and Ambrosino U turn

          Celtic could ‘renew interest’ in Evan Ferguson as transfer hijack follows Yamada hint and Ambrosino U turn

          Exact cost of Rangers injury crisis revealed as payments to crocked stars double that of Celtic

          Exact cost of Rangers injury crisis revealed as payments to crocked stars double that of Celtic

          Conor Coady in Diogo Jota tribute as old Wolves pal celebrates an ‘incredible person’

          Conor Coady in Diogo Jota tribute as old Wolves pal celebrates an ‘incredible person’

          Brendan Rodgers described me as huge Celtic coup after 24 clubs wanted me – now I have retired aged just 28

          Brendan Rodgers described me as huge Celtic coup after 24 clubs wanted me – now I have retired aged just 28

          Ange Postecoglou to LAFC has direct Celtic link as MLS heavy hitters plot ambitious manager move

          Ange Postecoglou to LAFC has direct Celtic link as MLS heavy hitters plot ambitious manager move

          The Rangers transfers Russell Martin needs revealed as AEK set Dessers deadline and Shankland a no-brainer

          The Rangers transfers Russell Martin needs revealed as AEK set Dessers deadline and Shankland a no-brainer

          Celtic on brink of four new signings as Benjamin Nygren lands staggering transfer claim and Balikwisha stays cool

          Celtic on brink of four new signings as Benjamin Nygren lands staggering transfer claim and Balikwisha stays cool

          I see cracks in Celtic with transfer fears over four starters so maybe this Rangers claim is a myth – Hugh Keevins

          I see cracks in Celtic with transfer fears over four starters so maybe this Rangers claim is a myth – Hugh Keevins

          Punters dramatically lose faith in Rory McIlroy in wake of his astonishingly honest US Open confession

          Punters dramatically lose faith in Rory McIlroy in wake of his astonishingly honest US Open confession

          ‘I still always visit Sir Alex Ferguson’s house – even though he branded me a Big Time Charlie’

          ‘I still always visit Sir Alex Ferguson’s house – even though he branded me a Big Time Charlie’

          The £17m reason Celtic won’t sit still this transfer window as Brendan Rodgers learns painful lesson

          The £17m reason Celtic won’t sit still this transfer window as Brendan Rodgers learns painful lesson

          Trending Tags

          • Technology
            Panasonic dishes out £100 takeaway vouchers and 15% off ‘first class’ OLED TVs

            Panasonic dishes out £100 takeaway vouchers and 15% off ‘first class’ OLED TVs

            ‘Classy’ smartwatch that ‘performs as well as expensive brands’ now £50 in Amazon Prime deal

            ‘Classy’ smartwatch that ‘performs as well as expensive brands’ now £50 in Amazon Prime deal

            Argos offers free QLED TVs with one simple deal – how to get yours today

            Argos offers free QLED TVs with one simple deal – how to get yours today

            Everyone to get mobile phone alert as sirens sound for 10 seconds

            Everyone to get mobile phone alert as sirens sound for 10 seconds

            Lenovo IdeaPad laptop praised for everyday use and affordable price

            Lenovo IdeaPad laptop praised for everyday use and affordable price

          • Health
            Donald Trump medical condition diagnosed as US President suffers swollen legs

            Donald Trump medical condition diagnosed as US President suffers swollen legs

            Clinical microbiologist issues warning over hidden ‘droppings’ in bed sheets

            Clinical microbiologist issues warning over hidden ‘droppings’ in bed sheets

            Scientists just found a sugar switch that ‘protects your brain from Alzheimer’s’

            Scientists just found a sugar switch that ‘protects your brain from Alzheimer’s’

            Brain dead pregnant woman’s family issue update after baby cut from her body

            Brain dead pregnant woman’s family issue update after baby cut from her body

            French chef shares ‘simplest ever’ one pot cake recipe ready in under an hour

            French chef shares ‘simplest ever’ one pot cake recipe ready in under an hour

          • Entertainment
            DWP boss defends welfare reform changes after PIP plans put on hold

            DWP boss defends welfare reform changes after PIP plans put on hold

            People on highest PIP could see payments rise to nearly £800 each month from next April

            People on highest PIP could see payments rise to nearly £800 each month from next April

            Home Bargains’ ‘soft’ £30 coat looks ‘just like’ £175 Dryrobe version

            Home Bargains’ ‘soft’ £30 coat looks ‘just like’ £175 Dryrobe version

            Amazon’s most wished for sun lounger drops below £90 ahead of Prime Day

            Amazon’s most wished for sun lounger drops below £90 ahead of Prime Day

            Former DWP employee warns of two-tier State Pension payments for older people

            Former DWP employee warns of two-tier State Pension payments for older people

          • Life Style
          • Travel
          • Education
            Vocational skills to be offered at new secondary school in Swansea

            Vocational skills to be offered at new secondary school in Swansea

            Lecturer struck off after falling asleep, playing on his phone and describing students as ‘d*** heads’

            Lecturer struck off after falling asleep, playing on his phone and describing students as ‘d*** heads’

            Teacher who drank alcohol in ‘mini-rave’ lesson and swore at pupils is struck off

            Teacher who drank alcohol in ‘mini-rave’ lesson and swore at pupils is struck off

            Pupil referral unit that takes children kicked out of school gets flawless Estyn report

            Pupil referral unit that takes children kicked out of school gets flawless Estyn report

            Exam bosses accused of ‘patronising’ Wales and students in Welsh GCSE paper

            Exam bosses accused of ‘patronising’ Wales and students in Welsh GCSE paper

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          Forests destroyed by wildfires emit carbon long after the flames die – new study

          by BP Author
          August 5, 2024
          in World
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          Even in Earth’s high northern-latitude forest, climate change is predicted to make wildfires more frequent and severe.

          Earth’s far north hosts the boreal forest, a vast green belt that stretches from North America to Siberia. The boreal forest is one of the world’s largest CO₂ sinks. Over the past few thousand years it has removed around 1 trillion tonnes of carbon from the air, storing it in the trees and soil. Because of the large amount of carbon stored in the boreal forest, fires here can release much more CO₂ into the air than forest fires elsewhere, amplifying climate change.

          Wildfires release lots of climate-warming CO₂ while they rage. But our research in the European part of this forest has shown that the forest’s CO₂ sink recovers slowly, with the burnt area continuing to release CO₂ for several years after the fires die. This exceeds the amount of CO₂ produced from the fire itself.

          A large CO₂ store is in danger

          Extremely hot and dry weather in 2018 led to the largest number of wildfires in the Nordic countries in modern history. In Sweden, the total burnt area was ten times larger than in an average year.

          Our research concentrated on the most extensive of these fires in the very centre of Sweden, near Ljusdal. We continuously measured how much CO₂ was exchanged between the land surface and the atmosphere and monitored the soil and regrowth of vegetation during the first four years after the fire.

          We did this in areas of forest where the trees were killed and areas where trees survived. We also compared areas that were turned into nature reserves – with charred trees left standing – and areas that underwent typical post-fire management in Sweden, with all charred trees being cut (so-called “salvage logging”) and new ones planted.

          A metal mast stood in a scorched field.
          A metal mast takes CO₂ measurements at a forest that was burned and then salvage-logged.
          Julia Kelly

          Our measurements from some of the most degraded sites, namely a burnt forest after salvage logging and a young forest where all trees were killed during the fire, revealed that 650g of carbon was emitted on average from every burnt square metre during the first four years after the fire. This more than doubles the total emissions from the fire. For comparison, a similar unburnt forest would remove 1,200g of carbon from the air per square metre during the same time.

          And the emissions continue. We fed the data we collected from burnt sites and other Swedish boreal forest into a computer model that simulates tree growth. The model predicted that it would take more than 40 years for all the CO₂ that was emitted due to the 2018 fire to be stored again in new forest.

          What about elsewhere?

          Fires in the boreal forest of North America are well studied, but this knowledge is less easily applicable in Europe. North American wildfires tend to rise up into the forest canopy and hence they kill lots of trees. During such fires, most of the carbon emissions happen during the fire itself.

          Meanwhile, between 60 and 80% of the forested area of the Nordic countries is intensively managed for commercial forestry, which changes the way wildfires affect the forest. Forest management can involve the removal of dead plant material and regular logging to ensure that the trees don’t grow too close to each other, a practice known as “thinning”.

          Tree species vary between the two continents too: North American boreal trees need fire to reproduce, whereas their European equivalents have evolved to resist burning.

          As a result, wildfires in the managed boreal forest of the Nordic countries mostly stay near the ground and consume the soil and undergrowth, sparing many trees.

          Post-fire management is critical

          We also found that further disturbing the burnt forest – with salvage logging or by ploughing the soil before replanting trees, which is a common management procedure in Sweden – slows the recovery of vegetation. If surviving trees are left standing they might grow more slowly than unburnt trees but they are nevertheless continuously capturing and storing CO₂.

          The way a forest is managed after a fire affects how long it takes before enough new vegetation grows to turn the forest back into a carbon sink. From this point of view, our findings dispute the effectiveness of logging surviving trees.

          In the Nordic countries, especially in Sweden, intensive forest management has successfully supressed wildfires during the past 200 years. It is not clear whether this will still be possible with more frequent droughts and an increased fire risk expected in a warming climate.

          All of this relates to scientific understanding of how wildfires contribute to climate change. As CO₂ emissions continue during the slow recovery of vegetation and soil post-fire, climate modellers should not only consider emissions from the fire itself, but the additional long-term emissions our research has uncovered.


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