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    Alex Salmond calls on SNP and Scottish Greens to create ‘independence convention’

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    As sex pest SNP MP seeks re-selection Humza Yousaf says he'll campaign "with whoever the candidates are"

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    Who is new SNP leader Humza Yousaf?

    The big gamble on tax cuts for the rich that could railroad the economy off the tracks

    The big gamble on tax cuts for the rich that could railroad the economy off the tracks

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    Boris Johnson takes swipe at Nicola Sturgeon and indyref2 during final speech as Prime Minister

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    Who does Larry the Downing Street cat belong to?

    Labour will not strike deal with SNP to take Boris Johnson down, says senior MP

    Labour will not strike deal with SNP to take Boris Johnson down, says senior MP

    Jacob Rees-Mogg boasts his banker pals are ‘jogging along’ as inflation causes misery for millions

    Jacob Rees-Mogg boasts his banker pals are ‘jogging along’ as inflation causes misery for millions

    Scottish independence: Who could lead pro-UK group during next referendum campaign?

    Scottish independence: Who could lead pro-UK group during next referendum campaign?

    Scottish independence debate is futile without legal certainty on a referendum – Paul Hutcheon

    Scottish independence debate is futile without legal certainty on a referendum – Paul Hutcheon

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    Council leaders ‘deeply disappointed’ with Nicola Sturgeon over pay dispute

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      Hiring activity in Scotland slows amid steep decline in staff availability

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      • BristolPress | Story Of The Day
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        Alex Salmond calls on SNP and Scottish Greens to create ‘independence convention’

        Alex Salmond calls on SNP and Scottish Greens to create ‘independence convention’

        As sex pest SNP MP seeks re-selection Humza Yousaf says he'll campaign "with whoever the candidates are"

        As sex pest SNP MP seeks re-selection Humza Yousaf says he'll campaign "with whoever the candidates are"

        Who is new SNP leader Humza Yousaf?

        Who is new SNP leader Humza Yousaf?

        The big gamble on tax cuts for the rich that could railroad the economy off the tracks

        The big gamble on tax cuts for the rich that could railroad the economy off the tracks

        Boris Johnson takes swipe at Nicola Sturgeon and indyref2 during final speech as Prime Minister

        Boris Johnson takes swipe at Nicola Sturgeon and indyref2 during final speech as Prime Minister

        Who does Larry the Downing Street cat belong to?

        Who does Larry the Downing Street cat belong to?

        Labour will not strike deal with SNP to take Boris Johnson down, says senior MP

        Labour will not strike deal with SNP to take Boris Johnson down, says senior MP

        Jacob Rees-Mogg boasts his banker pals are ‘jogging along’ as inflation causes misery for millions

        Jacob Rees-Mogg boasts his banker pals are ‘jogging along’ as inflation causes misery for millions

        Scottish independence: Who could lead pro-UK group during next referendum campaign?

        Scottish independence: Who could lead pro-UK group during next referendum campaign?

        Scottish independence debate is futile without legal certainty on a referendum – Paul Hutcheon

        Scottish independence debate is futile without legal certainty on a referendum – Paul Hutcheon

        Council leaders ‘deeply disappointed’ with Nicola Sturgeon over pay dispute

        Council leaders ‘deeply disappointed’ with Nicola Sturgeon over pay dispute

        Trending Tags

        • Business
          What is a virtual office and why you need one in Central London – Your Company Formations Ltd

          What is a virtual office and why you need one in Central London – Your Company Formations Ltd

          Inflation rises again to new 40-year high

          Inflation rises again to new 40-year high

          Bank of England hikes interest rates to 1.25%

          Bank of England hikes interest rates to 1.25%

          Hiring activity in Scotland slows amid steep decline in staff availability

          Hiring activity in Scotland slows amid steep decline in staff availability

          Scottish retail footfall growth ‘worst in UK compared to pre-pandemic’

          Scottish retail footfall growth ‘worst in UK compared to pre-pandemic’

          Sunak told more help on cost-of-living crisis is ‘absolutely imperative’

          Sunak told more help on cost-of-living crisis is ‘absolutely imperative’

        • Sports
          Rebel Snus Expansion

          Rebel Snus Expansion

          Jim Goodwin makes Connor Ronan Aberdeen transfer confession and offers Bojan Miovski update

          Jim Goodwin makes Connor Ronan Aberdeen transfer confession and offers Bojan Miovski update

          How to choose a spin bike (3)

          How to choose a spin bike?

          Rangers and SPFL feud could trigger ‘nuclear option’ as Scottish Premiership clubs prepare for crisis talks

          Rangers and SPFL feud could trigger ‘nuclear option’ as Scottish Premiership clubs prepare for crisis talks

          Stephen Odey Rangers transfer latest as Randers set out stall on price for Nigeria striker

          Stephen Odey Rangers transfer latest as Randers set out stall on price for Nigeria striker

          Ange Postecoglou tipped for new Celtic transfer gold amid Champions League millions

          Ange Postecoglou tipped for new Celtic transfer gold amid Champions League millions

          Stephen Kelly reveals Rangers future silence as he admits ‘I haven’t heard a thing’

          Stephen Kelly reveals Rangers future silence as he admits ‘I haven’t heard a thing’

          Magene MG70 Electromagnetic Indoor cycling bike (1)

          Magene MG70 Electromagnetic Indoor cycling bike

          Calvin Ramsay to Liverpool transfer edges closer as Aberdeen star prepares for Anfield medical

          Calvin Ramsay to Liverpool transfer edges closer as Aberdeen star prepares for Anfield medical

          Carl Starfelt Celtic injury latest as return timeline sparks doubts over Premiership kick off fitness

          Carl Starfelt Celtic injury latest as return timeline sparks doubts over Premiership kick off fitness

          Ylber Ramadani offered Aberdeen transfer advice from Sergio Porrini as Jim Goodwin nears first summer signing

          Ylber Ramadani offered Aberdeen transfer advice from Sergio Porrini as Jim Goodwin nears first summer signing

          Alfredo Morelos posts Rangers champions claim Celtic fans simply aren’t having

          Alfredo Morelos posts Rangers champions claim Celtic fans simply aren’t having

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            Revolutionize Your Health: Support Omega 369 – The Ultimate Wellness Breakthrough!

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            Weight loss coach shares Asda's low-calorie ready meals that helped him drop 18 stone

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            ‘Brave’ nine-year-old motocross star set to lose leg in heartbreaking cancer battle

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            AD FEATURE: Win an indulgent mini-break for two in Aberdeenshire at a luxurious country house hotel

            AD FEATURE: Win an indulgent mini-break for two in Aberdeenshire at a luxurious country house hotel

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            WIN four Merlin Gold Annual Passes and treat your family to the time of their lives this summer

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            Schoolboy 'humiliated' on second day of high school after he was told he had no money to pay for lunch

            Primary could move to old high school site temporarily amid plans to create 200 new additional learning need spaces

            Primary could move to old high school site temporarily amid plans to create 200 new additional learning need spaces

            Headteacher who had affair with pupil's mother banned from classroom

            Headteacher who had affair with pupil's mother banned from classroom

            All the school and college staff disciplined and struck off so far in 2023

            All the school and college staff disciplined and struck off so far in 2023

            The beautiful message a head teacher sent staff and pupils to recognise how hard things have been

            The beautiful message a head teacher sent staff and pupils to recognise how hard things have been

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          The health of British bulldogs is nothing to be proud of

          August 3, 2022
          in World
          Reading Time:5min read
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          The bulldog is a beloved British icon, according to a new study – one that is in very poor shape.

          A recent study by the UK’s Royal Veterinary College (RVC) compared the veterinary records of over 2,000 English bulldogs to 22,000 dogs of other breeds and found English bulldogs were over twice as likely as other dogs to have at least one disorder during 2016. They were also more likely than other breeds to suffer from over half the 43 disorders studied.

          Bulldogs suffer from many health issues because their physical features have been exaggerated by breeding. Especially high levels were seen in skin, eye and respiratory problems as well as protruding lower jaws. Bulldogs were 38 times more likely to suffer from skin-fold dermatitis, compared with the general dog population.

          The life expectancy of British bulldogs is only 7.2 years. The average dog is expected to live 12 years.

          It’s over ten years since the BBC stopped televising the Crufts dog show after a documentary, Pedigree Dogs Exposed, highlighted welfare issues associated with dog breeding. Breeding dogs for extreme physical features like long backs and flat faces is damaging to their health. And breeding within a small genetic pool has led to high levels of inherited diseases in some breeds.

          Many scientific studies have shown the devastating issues caused by pedigree dog breeding.

          Given these facts, is it ethical to breed bulldogs? The UK Animal Welfare Act states pet owners have a duty to provide for the welfare needs of animals in their care. These include the need to be protected from pain, injury and disease.

          There is ample evidence that many bulldogs experience pain and disease because of the features they are bred to show. The RVC study concentrated on physical health, but anatomy also affects an animal’s behaviour. Many bulldogs cannot mate or give birth without help from humans and even play and exercise can cause discomfort. This contravenes another of the dog’s welfare needs – to be able to behave normally.

          So, in their current form, breeding bulldogs is not ethical. The breed needs to change radically. This can only be achieved if breeders purposefully avoid breeding harmful features, even if that means losing or moderating the breed’s distinctive appearance. A modified bulldog, bred for health and wellbeing, would make a better national mascot. If this can’t happen rapidly, there is a strong argument to restrict breeding. The Netherlands and Norway have already done so.

          The problems are, of course, not restricted to English bulldogs. Other breeds with shortened skull shapes (brachycephalic) such as pugs and French bulldogs have difficulty breathing. The shorter the muzzle, the greater the problems they have with breathing.

          Yet at the same time that studies have proved the risks, these breeds have become more popular with no health improvement, for the majority of dogs. Either the public is still unaware of the danger to these dogs’ health or they believe the cute appeal outweighs concerns for their welfare.

          French bulldog puppy
          French bulldogs are also popular pets.
          Quinton Meyer ZA/ Shutterstock

          Owners of flat-faced dogs often think of inherited disorders, such as struggling to breathe, as normal for the breed. Some may even like to take care of an animal which is disadvantaged. This notion is misguided. Owners who buy dogs with exaggerated physical features drive a market for features that reduce the length and quality of dogs’ lives.

          Every breed is at risk of inherited disorders, as they are bred within a closed genetic pool. But, for some breeds, these disorders are more common or more severe, and for many breeds which also have exaggerated features, the problems are exacerbated.

          Animal charities encourage people looking to buy a dog to research the breed. There are resources available to help and guides on how to choose the healthiest animals within a breed. However, to really drive positive change, maybe we need to stop buying some breeds completely.

          When I first reviewed pedigree dog breeding in 2009, my co-authors and I outlined actions that could improve the situation. The actions included collecting health and mortality data from all dogs, revising kennel club registration rules to prevent mating between dogs that are related, and opening up stud books to allow crossing with other breeds. None of these have yet been achieved.

          But there has been some progress. For example, many kennel club breed descriptions have been subtly changed to encourage less exaggerated features. There are more DNA tests available to help breeders select the healthiest parents and researchers, including RVC, have increased data collection. But the large numbers of dogs still suffering and the popularity of these breeds suggest not enough has been done. There needs to be a shift in what the public thinks. We should look for pets that have a genetic makeup and rearing that make them likely to lead a happy, long and pain-free life.

          Animal care, marketing and research professionals have vital roles to play in dog protection. But so do we all. The images we choose to share of dogs and the choices we make when we adopt or buy a pet can help spread the message that beautiful dogs are those that are healthy, happy and able to run and play.



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